In Focus: Getting to grips with non-fatal strangulation
Article written and contributed by Dr Jo Ann Parkin B.Ed., B.Sci (Hons), M.B.B.S., MForensMed, FFCFM (RCPA) and Dr Caroline Bolt MBChB FACEM
In Focus: A brief overview of relevant concepts and considerations
Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) is the term used to describe instances where external pressure is applied to the neck and causes compression of blood vessels and/or the airways which can impair cerebral oxygen delivery without causing death. NFS is frequently used in instances of domestic, family and sexual violence (DFSV) and other forms of assault as a mechanism of exerting power and control and occurs within a broader pattern of gender-based violence. Compression of the neck is achieved via various mechanisms:
- manually via hand or hands,
- other body parts – forearm, knee, foot,
- headlock/choke hold – elbow around the neck,
- solid objects- bats, metal bars and
- ligatures.